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History of Senegal
The history of Senegal is commonly divided into a number of periods, encompassing the prehistoric era, the precolonial period, colonialism, and the contemporary era.
==Paleolithic==
The earliest evidence of human life is found in the valley of the Falémé in the south-east.〔Unless otherwise stated, the material in this part is based on Ndiouga Benga and on Mandiomé Thiam, "prehistory prehistory and history", in ''Atlas du Sénégal, op. cit.'', p. 74〕
The presence of man in the Lower Paleolithic is attested by the discovery of stone tools characteristic of Acheulean such as hand axes reported by Théodore Monod 〔 Théodore Monod, « Sur la découverte du Paléolithique ancien à Dakar », ''Bulletin du Comité d'études historiques et scientifiques de l'AOF'', t. XXI, 1938, pp. 518–519〕 at the tip of Fann in the peninsula of Cap-Vert in 1938, or cleavers found in the south-east.〔 Abdoulaye Camara et Bertrand Duboscq, ''La préhistoire dans le Sud-Est du Sénégal, Actes du 2e Colloque de Kédougou, 18–22 fév. 1985'', Doc. du CRA du Musée de l'Homme (Paris), n° 11, 1987, pp. 19-48〕 There were also found stones shaped by the Levallois technique, characteristic of the Middle Paleolithic. Mousterian Industry is represented mainly by scrapers found in the peninsula of Cap-Vert, as well in the low and middle valleys of the Senegal and the Falémé. Some pieces are explicitly linked to hunting, like those found in Tiémassass, near M'Bour, a controversial site that some claim belongs to the Upper Paleolithic,〔 Th. Dagan, « Le Site préhistorique de Tiémassas (Sénégal) », ''Bulletin de l'Institut français d'Afrique noire'', 1956, pp. 432-448〕 while other argue in favor of the Neolithic.〔 Cyr Descamps, « Quelques réflexions sur le Néolithique du Sénégal », ''West African Journal of Archaeology'', 1981, vol. 10–11, pp. 145-151〕
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